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 Alexander II Crimea War Russia c 1858 original antique engraved view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 41m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
 General Beatson Crimea War Russia c 1858 original antique engraved view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 41m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
 1877 PRINT SIEGE OF SEBASTOPOL CRIMEA WAR $8.46 Time Remaining: 8d 11h 40m Buy It Now for only: $8.46 |
 Steel engraved print of The British Fleet in the Baltic Ca1855 Crimea War $14.00 Time Remaining: 16d 14h 47m Buy It Now for only: $14.00 |
 Balaklava Crimea War Russia c 1858 original antique engraved view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 42m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
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 Nicholas I Emperor of Russia Crimea War Russia c 1858 original antique engrave $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 41m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
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 Victor Emanuel Sardinia Crimea War Russia c1858 original antique engraved view $15.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 41m Buy It Now for only: $15.96 |
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 Admiral Sir Charles Napier Crimea War Russia c 1858 original antique engraved $15.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 41m Buy It Now for only: $15.96 |
 Fleet in the Baltic Crimea War Russia c1858 original antique engraved view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 40m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
 Return of the French Army from Moscow Crimea War Russia c1858 antique print $15.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 41m Buy It Now for only: $15.96 |
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 Removal of Wounded Soldiers Crimea War Russia c1858 original antique engraved $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 40m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
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 Peter the Great Crimea War Russia c1858 original antique engraved view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 40m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
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 Taking Leave of the Fusilier Guards Crimea War Russia c 1858 antique view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 39m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
 Charge of Heavy Cavalry Crimea War Russia c1858 original antique engraved view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 40m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
 Colonel Thesdale C B Crimea War Russia c1858 original antique engraved view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 41m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
 The Guards Working in the Trenches Crimea War Russia c1858 antique view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 39m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
 Retreat from Moscow Crimea War Russia c 1858 original antique engraved view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 41m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
 Bombardment of Odessa by English French Crimea War Russia c1858 antique view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 42m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
 The Queen Receiving the Guards Crimea War in Russia c1858 original antique view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 40m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
 1850S ANTIQUE CRIMEAN WAR SEVASTOPOL UKRAINE CRIMEA RUSSIA MILITARY PRINT FineNR $9.99 Time Remaining: 18d 6h 9m Buy It Now for only: $9.99 |
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 Gallant Affair of the Hecla and Arrogant Crimea War Russia c 1858 antique view $19.96 Time Remaining: 29d 10h 39m Buy It Now for only: $19.96 |
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Crimea War
By Black Sea Towards the Russia
For centuries this huge inland sea, linked with the Sea of Azov to the north-east and with the Mediterranean through the Dardanelles to the south-west, was the scene of military clashes and diplomatic manoeuvres. The ancient Greeks ventured into its vast expanses, in search of the grain of the Crimea and the legendary Golden Fleece of Colchis. Then the low-lying ships of the great Byzantine Empire ploughed its waters in all directions. Byzantine culture and Christian civilization were brought to Kiev and the old Russian cities. After the Empire begun to crumble in the eleventh century, the swift caravels of the Genoese merchants sailed the Black Sea, loaded with grain and slaves from the Crimea. Finally, in 1453, the Turks captured Constantinople and the Black Sea was sealed off from the Christian world.
The early Russian sovereigns were aware that their landlocked country had few prospects. In the sixteenth century Ivan the Terrible made an unsuccessful attempt to win a stretch of the Baltic coast for his Muscovy Empire and a century later Tsar Alexei Romanov turned his eye southwards to the Black sea but did not have the courage to start a war with the Turks. His daughter Sophia twice sent Russian troops to the Sea of Azov coast and both times had to withdraw them ingloriously.
The young Peter the Great in his turn twice marched to the Sea of Azov, in 1695 and 1696, and at the cost of tens of thousands of Russian lives finally captured the fortress of Azov at the mouth of the river Don, giving access to the sea. The Black Sea itself, however, still remained closed and in 1710 -1711, inspired by his success on the Baltic, Peter went to war with Turkey. Overwhelmed by Turkish troops on the River Prut, he was forced to barter his wife's jewellery to preserve his army. He also had to give up Azov.
The dream of the Black Sea, however, had become deeply rooted in the minds of Russian's governors. In 1735, under Empress Anna, Russia again went to war with the Turks, but after three years and loss of 100.000 lives an inconclusive peace agreement was signed with no gains, other than regaining Azov, for Russia.
It was Catherine the Great who brought the efforts of her predecessors to a brilliant finale. She declared war on Turkey in 1769 than she despatched a large Russian flotilla to sail westwards around Europe and into the Mediterranean. On the same time Russian army marched south to the Black Sea, capturing the Crimea and going across the river Danube on the sea's western shores. The sight of the Russian fleet in close proximity to Constantinople, just as the victorious Russian army was nearing their capital, paralysed the Turks. The governments of Europe flew into a panic at the prospect of a strong Russia on Europe's southern flank and a peace was engineered. Catherine the Great gained the Crimea, with free access to the Black Sea, and unfortunate Turkey was saved.
Further wars and diplomatic moves followed and, although any significant Russian victory was generally contradicted by the European powers, by the mid- nineteenth century Russia had the northern and eastern shores of the Black Sea under its control. The three important towns of Yalta, Odessa and Sochi began to grow.
Whether you want wine-tasting or scuba diving, mountains or sea, to visit the Byzantine ruins of Khersoness, or the fabulous Livadia Palace near Yalta, home of the last of the Russian Tsars - or if you just want to relax on the beach and then while away a warm summer evening in a gourmet restaurant, Crimea has something for you.
About the Author
Nina Spring is a native Russian who lives and works in the UK. She likes to write on Russian historical places and nature. She usually indulges in gardening and site building.
Along with writing on Russian historical places and nature Nina Spring writes about gardening and coffeemakers on http://www.youandyourgarden.co.uk and http://www.coffeemakersmachines.com
outbreak of crimean war 1854.. anyone know about it?
where is the present day location of Crimea?
main cuty linked to war: old name, and new name?
describe conditions in the british barracks
Crimean War (krīmē'ən) , 1853–56, war between Russia on the one hand and the Ottoman Empire, Great Britain, France, and Sardinia on the other. The causes of the conflict were inherent in the unsolved Eastern Question. The more immediate occasion was a dispute between Russia and France over the Palestinian holy places. Challenging the claim of Russia to guardianship of the holy places, France in 1852 secured from Sultan Abd al-Majid certain privileges for the Latin churches. Russian counterdemands were turned down (1853) by the Ottoman government. In July, 1853, Russia retorted by occupying the Ottoman vassal states of Moldavia and Walachia, and in October, after futile negotiations, the Ottomans declared war. In Mar., 1854, Britain and France, having already dispatched fleets to the Black Sea, declared war on Russia; Sardinia followed suit in Jan., 1855. Austria remained neutral, but by threatening to enter the war on the Ottoman side forced Russia to evacuate Moldavia and Walachia, which were occupied (Aug., 1854) by Austrian troops. In Sept., 1854, allied troops landed in the Crimea, with the object of capturing Sevastopol. The Russian fortress, defended by Totleben, resisted heroically until Sept., 1855. Allied commanders were Lord Raglan for the British and Marshal Saint-Arnaud, succeeded later by Marshal Canrobert, for the French. Military operations, which were marked on both sides by great stubbornness, gallantry, and disregard for casualties, remained localized. Famous episodes were the battles of Balaklava and Inkerman (1854) and the allied capture (1855) of Malakhov and Redan, which preceded the fall of Sevastopol. On the Asian front the Russians gained advantages and occupied Kars. The accession (1855) of Czar Alexander II and the capture of Sevastopol led to peace negotiations that resulted (Feb., 1856) in the Treaty of Paris (see Paris, Congress of). The Crimean War ended the dominant role of Russia in SE Europe; the cooling of Austro-Russian relations was an important factor in subsequent European history. The scandalous treatment of the troops, particularly the wounded, depicted by war correspondents, prompted the work of Florence Nightingale, which was perhaps the most positive result of the war.
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Crimean War, 1853 to 1856